UNIT 2 - TEACHING GRAMMAR, VOCABULARY AND PRONUNCIATION

1) Teaching GRAMMAR

2) Teaching VOCABULARY

3) Teaching PRONUNCIATION

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WHAT ARE THE INTEGRATED SKILLS?

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The language skills are LISTENING, SPEAKING, READING and WRITING. These four skills can be divided into two groups: - “RECEPTIVE” OR “PASSIVE” SKILLS: reading and listening, for the students are receiving the input. However, there is controversy regarding naming them “passive” since there needs to be an active reading or listening in order to fully understand the information. Humans are not passive subjects in the processes of acquiring information because they are not simply receiving it, they also process it.  - “PRODUCTIVE” OR “ACTIVE” SKILLS: writing and speaking, as the students create products through their imagination and creativity. Traditionally speaking, receptive skills support productive skills: the students first receive an input that helps them understand vocabulary or structures and this “inspires” them in their production. Usually, receptive skills are used so as to teach the new contents, and productive skills as a form of assessment to check if the contents have b...
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MIXED-ABILITY AND DIFFERENTIATED LEARNING

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The term “mixed-ability classroom” refers to a group of students Who  are different in terms of levels of … Attention Interest Motivation Learning styles Types of intelligences  Physiological needs  Psychological needs  Speed Maturity - not every 8 year old is the same World knowledge Knowledge of and about English  Teachers can differentiate at least four classroom elements based on student readiness, interest, or learning profile:  CONTENT  - what the student needs to learn or how the student will get access to the information. PROCESS  - activities in which the student engages in order to make sense of or master the content. PRODUCTS  - culminating projects that ask students to rehearse, apply and extend what they have learnt in a unit. LEARNING ENVIRONMENT  - the way the classroom works and feels. HOW CAN MIXED-ABILITY BE TACKLED? PROCESS Using tiered activities through which all learners work with the same important und...
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TEACHING PRONUNCIATION

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Pronunciation is probably the most neglected topic in English teaching syllabuses and programs. The English and Spanish pronunciations of letters and phonemes are very different, and it’s difficult for Spanish speakers to develop the tongue movements necessary to pronounce certain English phonemes. That is why teachers should know how phonemics work and how to work on pronunciation in class. Features of pronunciation: 1. THE PHONEMIC CHART + BASIC TERMINOLOGY The International Phonemic Alphabet (IPA) is a set of symbols that linguists use to describe the sounds of spoken languages. Some of those symbols can be seen here, along with the muscles used to produce them: From then, we can learn some of the basic terminology for linguistics : PHONEMES : a meaningful sequence of sounds, it can change the meaning of the word. Ex.: cat vs. pat. ALLOPHONES : variants of a sound that depend on the context. Ex.: dark and clear /l/ -> the dark /l/ is pronounced with the back of the tongue (cryst...
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